What to Expect From Unique Arguments Essay Topics?

<h1>What to Expect From Unique Arguments Essay Topics? </h1> <p>Normally, having three major contentions to show your point is adequate for a persuading paper. To have the option to create a paper, you should form an examination question. On the off chance that you despite everything feel you need assistance, regardless of whether you've figured out how to decide on a point, you may consistently utilize a custom composing administration that will help you extreme an impressive research paper of which you'll be pleased and will promise you a decent imprint. It's conceivable to incorporate an immense amount of ongoing exploration, building up an all around thought paper. </p> <p>Defining ideals may give off an impression of being a basic taste, yet to really comprehend the contentions on the opposite side of the definition can end up being very testing. There isn't any substitute for training. 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Recollect that you may cause entertaining pugnacious expositions on the off chance that you to do a couple of things. At the point when it has to do with composing a contentious paper, the most fundamental point to do is to choose a subject and a contention you can truly get behind. </p> <p>There are truly four key sorts of papers. Likewise, you will discover school exposition thoughts on our site! At the point when it has to do with composing, you should know about the structure as it varies from the remainder of the sorts of paper. Take motivation from such point recommendations to form interesting school essays!</p> <p>Writing a proposition exposition isn't as troublesome as it would sound, it is unessential the manner in which your educator or instructor depicts it. While the activity of composing articles in schools can be hard and tumultuous, it's an amazingly fascinating one. There are a few powerful exposition points to pick from to complete your secondary school or school task. The college understudy may get in the substance in pretty much any configuration subject to the need. </p>

Knowledge, Attitude and Breast Cancer Screening Practices in Ghana Essay

Presentation  â Breast malignant growth in its easiest definition is the disease of bosom tissue. It is the most widely recognized nonskin malignant growth that influences ladies in the United States and the most noteworthy casualty paces of disease passings among ladies in low-asset nations (Anderson et al 2006). Seriousness of bosom disease contrasts dependent on its degree of tissue intrusion. Ductal carcinoma in situ is the most widely recognized noninvasive bosom malignant growth while penetrating or obtrusive ductal carcinoma is the most well-known bosom disease that represents about 80% of intrusive bosom disease. Bosom protuberances introduction is the commonest type of introduction paying little heed to the bosom malignancy type (ACS 2005). Epidemiologic components are ascribed to dietary and natural hazard factors, in spite of the fact that relationship of diet and bosom malignant growth had differed results. Natural hazard factors include the presentation to a few poisonous components which represents the expanded frequency of bosom disease in Western nations. Liquor admission is likewise considered to impact in the expansion of the quantity of cases in the US populace. Age is likewise considered as malignant growth chance factor and can be ascribed to hormonal change. Hereditary variety and ethnicity are not out of extension for the examination of bosom disease hazard factors (Barton 2005). Determination and Pathology of Breast Cancer: In 2002, Breast Health Global Initiative (BHGI) along with board of bosom malignant growth specialists and patient supporters build up an agreement of suggestions for the analysis of bosom disease in constrained asset nations (Shyyan 2006). Histopathologic determination included fine-needle goal biopsy which was perceived as the most economical, center needle biopsy and careful biopsy and had an accord of picking the technique dependent on the accessibility of devices and ability. They gave accentuation on the connection of histopathology, clinical and imaging discoveries. They conceded to the need of histopathologic determination before bosom malignancy treatment. In 2005, BHGI board suggested an extra technique of bosom malignancy the board. They delineate analytic system and histopathology strategies into †â€Å"basic, restricted, upgraded, and maximalâ€from most minimal to most elevated resources†. Essential level incorporates clinical history of the patient, clinical bosom assessment, tissue analysis and clinical record keeping. Restricted level incorporates the expanding assets that empower analytic imaging use, for example, ultrasound with or without mammography, tests that can assess metastasis, utilization of picture guided examining and hormone receptor inspecting. Improved level incorporates demonstrative mammography, bone checking and an on location cytologist. Maximal level incorporates mass screening mammography (Shyyan 2006). Treatment of Breast Cancer: Treatment incorporates medical procedure, radiotherapy or chemotherapy or blends of these three treatment modalities. As per American Cancer Society (2005), treatment can be neighborhood or foundational. Neighborhood treatment of the tumor is managed without influencing the remainder of the body. Medical procedure and radiation are instances of this treatment. Then again, foundational treatment which incorporates chemotherapy, hormone treatment and immunotherapy, is surrendered to the circulatory system or by mouth to arrive at the malignant growth cells that may have spread the past the bosom.  Radiotherapy is a treatment of bosom disease with high-vitality beams to help recoil the malignant growth cells. It tends to be given outside of the body (outer radiation) or can be put legitimately into the tumor as radioactive materials (ACS 2005). It might be offered outside to the body.â Radiotherapy requires protected and viable application requiring fitting offices, staff and hardware. Radiotherapy ought to be applied immediately, ought to be open to everything except without prolongation of the general treatment time introduction. It is a piece of a vital piece of bosom saving treatment. It is required in practically all ladies with the bosom malignant growth, and thusly ought to be accessible (Bese 2006).   Chemotherapy is the utilization of anticancer medications that are managed through infusion in the vein or taken orally as a pill. It might be given before bosom disease medical procedure to diminish the size of the tumor or might be given after the medical procedure to decrease the opportunity ofâ repeat (ACS 2005). This treatment is done in cycle the most widely recognized of which is 3-6 months. Most basic symptoms of these medications normally stopâ once the treatment is over, for example, in hair falling. Some ofâ drugs utilized as chemotherapyâ  are tamoxifen, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil doxorubicin, epirubicin, taxane and aromatase . These are typically recommended in blend, and treatment is finished with adjuvant treatment, for example, radiotherapy and pre-and post activity ( Eniu 2006).  â â â â â â â â â â Surgical administration in bosom disease is normal. This is done to evacuate however much as the malignancy as could reasonably be expected and to see if the disease has spread to the lymph hubs under the arm. Medical procedure can likewise reestablish the presence of the bosom and ease the manifestations of cutting edge malignant growth. ACS (2005) discharged a portion of the basic surgeries in bosom disease. These are lumpectomy, incomplete or segmental mastectomy, basic or all out mastectomy, changed radical mastectomy and radical mastectomy. RESULTS  Bosom malignant growth patients in Ghana. The current examination which included ladies with mean age populace of 48 yearsâ uncovered a practically reliable recognition concerning bosom cancer.â â They knew that bosom malignant growth is exceptionally expanding in their place yet not educated regarding the reason for sickness. The entirety of the responders didn't know about family bosom malignant growth history aside from one. Data about bosom disease was obtained through TV and radio projects. Just afterâ discussion with specialists because of irregularities orâ torments in their bosom and some because of fluid coming out of their bosom, that they were educated that they have bosom malignancy. The vast majority of them experienced bosom tissue test for affirmation of the sickness. A while later, they were encouraged to experience medical procedure with clinical treatment. The responders were uninformed of the bosom malignancy screening and anticipation. Actually, out of 10 responders, just 2 (20%) of them knew about bosom self assessment and clinical bosom assessment and conceded that they once in a while practice BSE. None of the responders thought about mammogram aside from one (10%) of them who has known about it however never had attempted one. The inclination towards the information on obtaining the ailment was additionally the equivalent; the sentiment of being a weight in the family was normal. They were hesitant to confront the truth yet have understood that they need to battle the sickness through the consolation and backing of relatives andâ help of clinical experts. The example populace knew about the cultivator and confidence healers however they didn't submit themselves into that sort of treatment since botanist have notâ demonstrated remedy for bosom cancer.â The most widely recognized objection of the responders was the significant expense of treatments, hospitalization and specialist charges. The treatment cost ran toâ  ¢250,000- ¢24 million but to one of them who got a free treatment for being enlisted to a clinical preliminary. Notions of the members were the equivalent. Deferral of treatment was ascribed to their removed spot from the wellbeing centers; a few offices like x-beam were not accessible in the facilities andâ significant expense of treatment. These individuals requested the improvement of bosom malignant growth the board through training dispersal to the network by human services suppliers and an assistance from the legislature to offer money related help to the individuals who can't bear to submit themselves for treatment. Patients in bosom disease facility. In this piece of the examination, ladies with mean age of 42 years who were in bosom malignant growth center were incorporated. Most regular clinical grievance was knot and agony in the bosom while others submit themselves for screening since they have recently heard it from the radio/TV.  The study uncovered that ladies who were going to the center were not really educated regarding the reason bosom malignancy yet mindful of its expanding pace of mortality. Misguided judgment about the reason for bosom malignancy, for example, presentation to coins was not normal but rather didn't avoid the type of injury because of control of the bosom. Others associate bosom malignancy with smoking and taking mixed drinks. They didn't know about their family ancestry of bosom malignant growth.  Information with respect to bosom disease was gained through TV and radio projects and others were through their loved ones. A large portion of the respondents accepted that early location and brief treatment of the sickness can forestall the ominous result of bosom malignancy, for example, evacuation of their bosom or the most noticeably awful would be disease passing. Just one out ofâ 10 members (10%) really practice bosom self assessment (BSE). The greater part of them were educated regarding BSE however not really rehearsing it. They were additionally mindful of healers and botanist yet they didn't accept that they can fix bosom malignant growth however didn't differ of the likelihood that cultivator and healers could treat different maladies or sicknesses like hypertension. The members proposed that it would be better if the administration would give or build up more human services facilities for bosom malignant growth screening and give free screening programs particularly to the individuals who can't bear the cost of toâ pay for significant expense of treatment of the ailment and for an open-simple access to all particularly to those in country zones. One of the members suggestedâ that specialists should concentrate further about the treatment of bosom malignant growth as opposed to depending on bosom medical procedure. Healers engaged with bosom malignancy the executives. A significant number of the number of inhabitants in Ghana are as yet belittling healers and cultivator as a resortâ of treatment. Two healers from Ghana were meet

Description of the Law in United Arab Emirates

Description of the Law in United Arab Emirates Law in United Arab Emirates Mar 26, 2018 in Law Legal History of United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates (UAE) comprises of seven emirates, which are Ajman, Umm Al Quwain, Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Fujairah, Ras Al Khaimah and Sharjah. In the early 19th century, the area was referred to as pirate coast. The British entered various treaties in 1820s to protect important shipping interests. The perpetual maritime treaty that was signed in 1853 allowed British to handle foreign relations. The United Emirates acquired their independence from the British in 1971. Ras Al Khaimah was the last to join the federation. It entered the Union in 1972. The main principles of United Arab Emirates are drawn from the Sharia. However, most legislation entails a mix of European and Islamic concepts of the civil law whose origin is the Egyptian legal code created in the 19th and 20th century (Al Abed Hellyer, 2001). The adoption of civil law by a number of states in the region demonstrates the French influence. Besides, having particular legal legislation for the agencies, labor law, company law and intellectual property, United Emirates has endorsed commercial and civil codes. This system has brought about the development of structured and comprehensive legal systems. However, these are rigid to some extent constituting the official procedure linked to various nations in the Middle East.

Healthcare From General Electric 2019

When you think about General Electric (GE), you probably think about electronics. So you may also be surprised to learn that GE has a $15 billion unit known as GE Healthcare that is the industry leader in improving and advancing health care technology. GE Healthcare has numerous services and products that enable health care providers to better diagnose and treat disease, helping patients live a fuller life. GE Healthcares expertise focuses on medical imaging technology, information technology, medical diagnostics, patient monitoring systems, drug discovery, and biopharmaceutical manufacturing technologies. Headquartered in the United Kingdom, GE Healthcare employs over forty-three thousand employees in over one hundred countries. GE Healthcares objectives include Environment, Health and Safety, Innovation, Product Security, Quality, and Social Performance. GE Healthcares Environment, Health and Safety vision includes complying with the laws and regulations that apply to its operations, providing safe work environments, applying GE Healthcare tools and programs wherever they do business, and minimizing use of toxic substances. GE Healthcares objective of quality has led to some of the most advanced healthcare technology improvements, including the internet portal known as Six Sigman a data system that provides access to reference material and case studies geared toward the healthcare professionals. GE Healthcares Six Sigma program features a discussion forum for medical professionals, articles, newsletters, and free professional development resources. Since its beginning in 1997, experts have introduced Six Sigma to over fifteen-hundred healthcare facilities around the world, translating the methodology into the languages of the world. The Six Sigma program is responsible for several improvements in the health care industry including r educing medical malpractice and errors, employee shortages, ineffective managing techniques, and increased costs. GE Healthcares Six Sigma program provides a solid knowledge base as technology continues to make advances in the health care industry. .u5cf5f9ec437ffef5a79e2d310d5e6c7f { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u5cf5f9ec437ffef5a79e2d310d5e6c7f:active, .u5cf5f9ec437ffef5a79e2d310d5e6c7f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u5cf5f9ec437ffef5a79e2d310d5e6c7f { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u5cf5f9ec437ffef5a79e2d310d5e6c7f .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u5cf5f9ec437ffef5a79e2d310d5e6c7f .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u5cf5f9ec437ffef5a79e2d310d5e6c7f:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Your Entrepreneurship in Your EnterpriseThe largest section of GE Healthcare is its Financial Services division. GE Healthcares Financial Services Division provides health care providers with financing for health care equipment and real estate, working capital, turnaround and bankruptcy, restructuring and recapitalization, and acquisition financing. GE Healthcares Working Capital solution provides cash flow loans that optimize the availability of current assets through Revolving Credit Facilities, Term Loans, and Securitization Facilities. Revolving Credit Facilities accelerate cash realization by leveraging existing cash flow and are usually secured by the companys assets or enterprise value. Term Loans are usually secured by real estate or based upon cash flow, providing debt financing for a fixed period of time. Securitization facilities allow you to securitize assets such as loans and leases to reduce borrowing costs. For individuals seeking to acquire new health care businesses, GE Healthcare provides Senior Secured Debt which helps you leverage your assets and cash flow to finance a certain amount of the purchase price. Additionally, GE Healthcare offers Subordinated Debt for companies that generate a large amount of cash flow but have liens on their assets. .u61da2bab92e109071c0cb6bb17a560a8 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u61da2bab92e109071c0cb6bb17a560a8:active, .u61da2bab92e109071c0cb6bb17a560a8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u61da2bab92e109071c0cb6bb17a560a8 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u61da2bab92e109071c0cb6bb17a560a8 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u61da2bab92e109071c0cb6bb17a560a8 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u61da2bab92e109071c0cb6bb17a560a8:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ New Hampshire Colleges and Universities Pursuing Online and Campus Based Education in New HampshireToday, health care financing has never been more needed, with most health care facilities deteriorating while being at their debt capacity. Meanwhile, GE Healthcare is seeking to meet the new by providing more than thirteen billion dollars to the health care industry. Related ArticlesEarning a Computer Technology DegreeTechnology SchoolsInformation Technology In Health CareCareers in Health Care ManagementGenetic Counseling A Novel Career Option for those in Pursuit of a Master of Science in PsychologyLets Thank IT For Our Health Care Advances

Starting And Naming A Business - 915 Words

STARTING AND NAMING A BUSINESS JOHAN RIVERA LIBERTY UNIVERSITY Shania Jackson is a Christian woman that has the desire to devote her time and money in the creation of a Christian coffeehouse in Denver, Colorado. Ms. Jackson counts with the support of her husband, Marvin that it’s simply interested in making a generous contribution for the initiation of the coffeehouse process. Shania has been approach by several individuals interested in being considerate to be part of the development of the business. Her sister, Kelsey, is new to Christianity and found this project as an excellent opportunity to be active in an atmosphere that will allow her to grow in her faith. However, her husband is not a Christian man and he does not support Kelsey’s desire. Carlos, Mrs. Jackson neighbor is one of the individual interested in investing in this concept since he believe in the idea and see an opportunity to increase his financial position. Carlos is not a believer, but consider that there is a market for a Christian coffeehouse and it would be in a high demand by the many costumers that visit the churches around the area. Besides choosing a staff to help Shania establish the business, she have to determine if the business will be a franchise were she would adopt a name and trade dress or buy an specific amount of products for a establish period of time. Mrs. Jackson also has the option to establish an independent business. Shania need to evaluate the intention of this business and takeShow MoreRelatedStarting And Naming A Business Essay879 Words   |  4 PagesStarting and Naming a Business Shania Jackson is interested in starting a Christian coffeehouse near Denver, Colorado. A few family members and an acquaintance, both believers and nonbelievers, have expressed interest in investing and become a part of her business. She has researched franchise opportunities with various stipulations as a method for starting her business. She is also considering naming her business â€Å"The Gathering Place†. Business Structure With a desire to be an entrepreneurRead MoreStarting and Naming a Business Essay1484 Words   |  6 PagesBUSI 561, Legal Issues in Business Liberty University Starting Naming a Business Betty Wilson’s venture of opening a Christian Coffee House in Belmont, NC, presents her with abundant opportunities in selecting a business form. She is considering the following types of entities: 1) franchise, 2) sole proprietorship, 3) partnership of some sort, 4) corporation of some sort, 5) LLC, or 6) even as a joint venture. We will briefly explore each business option and give Betty concise recommendationsRead MoreCorporation and Betty1382 Words   |  6 PagesLiberty University Online BUSI561 / Legal Issues in Business November 4, 2012 Starting and Naming a Business Betty Wilson, whom I view as being a mature and respectable Christian, is currently thinking of starting her own company. Betty expressed that she would like to open a Christian Coffee House in her present town of Belmont, NC. Although her husband, John is opened to making a contribution of capital to her business, he is not at all interested in taking part in theRead MoreCase Study : Open For Business1694 Words   |  7 PagesOpen for Business Shania is a Christian who is considering opening a new business. She is contemplating who she will potential involve in the business as well as the manner in which she will establish the new business. The following is an analysis of the options in which Shania might choose, given the perceived goals and legal implications that will assist her in achieving those goals. Reviewing the Facts Shania Jackson is a married woman, living in Denver, Colorado, who has aspirations of openingRead MoreIntelligence into Success1435 Words   |  6 Pagesdream and often fathom about starting their own small business. Becoming a successful entrepreneur has been part of the American dream since the early 1800‘s. In addition to giving a person the ability to make his or her own decisions, business ownership opens the gateway to financial independence, creative freedom, and more time to spend with family (Smallbusiness.com). Nevertheless, how hard would it be to start a small business and be victorious? â€Å"Starting a business involves planning, making keyRead MoreRequirements for Starting a Restaurant Business Essay1207 Words   |  5 PagesRequirements for Starting a Restaurant Business Restaurant business is the organized effort of an individual to produce and sell for a profit the goods and services that satisfy society needs (Lundberg and Walker 2). To organize a restaurant business, businessman must have to have four kind of resources; material, human, financial and information. These four resources apply for every kind of business no matter what kind of business it is youre going to start. For exampleRead MoreGraduation Speech : The Collegiate Body, Junior College And Universities Aren t Limited1031 Words   |  5 Pagesgoals, and ambitions. Dentin Diggins also known as Cole, is a 17 year old high school senior, currently competing for his 2nd Environmental Services and Natural Resources Division I title. Chad Hemphill, a 41 year old father of three, runs his own business. Knowing his mistake of passing up an opportunity to further his education, he s taking that 2nd chance after twenty years. We also have Vanessa Garcia, a 33 year old single mother of three, who decided to take the chance and mustered up the courageRead MoreSmall Business Essays1489 Words   |  6 Pagesbusinesses. A new business is established to create a good or service that no other businesses have ever created or simply a product of higher quality than existing products, with the purpose of meeting customers’ needs and earning profits. Due to the technological adv ances at the present time, starting and operating a new business is less laborious. Nevertheless, would-be entrepreneurs should be familiar with the proper approaches to start their businesses. The first step to starting a business is to createRead MoreA Code Of Ethics Of A Concrete And Electrical Business1347 Words   |  6 PagesOur business will be a partnership between Juan Alvarado and Eduardo Martinez will be starting a concrete and electrical business and we’ll be naming it JECE co. We came up with this name using our initials and the initial of what we are doing which is a concrete and electrical company. Our business will be providing work in the electrical and concrete field. Well be providing work to big companies, who want to build any type of buildings like schools, apartment, houses, and stores. Customers willRead MoreThe Domain Name System Essays1357 Words   |  6 Pageswhich top level domain (TLD) it belongs to. There are only a limited number of such domains. For example:  · gov - Government agencies  · edu - Educational institutions  · org - Organizations (nonprofit)  · mil - Military  · com - commercial business  · net - Network organizations  · ca - Canada  · th - Thailand Because the Internet is based on IP addresses, not domain names, every Web Server requires a Domain Name System server to translate domain names into IP addresses.

Learning English A Lesson in Language and Culture Free Essays

string(125) " forms is intensely debated in Britain, where the world’s richest history of English has led to much linguistic diversity\." To those outside the educational system, the teaching of language may seem to be a simple communication of skills from one person to another.   For those involved in education, however, language instruction has long been linked to cultural bias and social engineering, leading to debates over the notion of a â€Å"neutral language.†Ã‚   Such a language would facilitate the exchange of objective concepts such as spelling, grammar, and pronunciation without imposing subjective cultural constructs such as beliefs abut class, gender, and religion. We will write a custom essay sample on Learning English: A Lesson in Language and Culture or any similar topic only for you Order Now As languages originate and develop in response to needs and conditions all too human, and therefore highly emotional, it is unlikely that any truly neutral language exists, and this is particularly evident when we consider the English language. The teaching of English has sociocultural implications that extend far beyond the learning environment, and this is best demonstrated by examining the relationship of Standard English to other varieties of English as well as to other languages being taught. The distinction between standard and vernacular forms of a language is based on the perceived differences between the educated and the uneducated.   The term â€Å"standard,† when used to describe language, generally refers to that form of the language that is used for formal and written applications by those who occupy the highest ranks of society.   Rules governing its usage tend to be rather strict and resistant to change. In contrast, a vernacular is the colloquial language used informally by a group of people, much less rigid in its forms and much more liable to change.   An online version of the Oxford English Dictionary, the recognized authority on the English language, exemplifies this divisiveness in its definition of the noun â€Å"vernacular† as â€Å"the language or dialect spoken by the ordinary people of a country or region.†Ã‚   Aligning the vernacular form with so-called â€Å"ordinary† folks naturally infers a similar association between the standard form and less ordinary people, the literate elite who use it. This lofty status is often justified by reference to the wealth of classical literature, historical documents, and scientific/technical writings that exist in both British and American Standar1d English.   An understanding of Standard English provides access to these canons and to the educational systems that utilize them.   These systems offer the knowledge and expertise necessary for the highest levels of professional and intellectual achievement.   Simply put, a better than average knowledge of Standard English offers a better than average chance at attaining prominence in highly skilled and specialized areas such as education, business, or technology (Brindley 208). Whether this effect is seen as favorable or unfavorable depends, as most things do, on the perspective through which it is viewed.   Any experience that affords people greater personal control over important life issues may seem universally appealing, yet insistence upon teaching only Standard English has evoked considerable controversy (Brindley 205).   Those who advocate the teaching of Standard English writing in a way that emphasizes its reliance on stringent rules and formats have been accused of perpetuating a desired status quo (Brindley 226-227). By learning Standard English, students are carrying on a long tradition of literary scholarship that has yielded many important intellectual gains and brought the western world to the forefront in industry and science.   Detractors see the teaching of Standard English as an imposition of social norms that depend on conformity and narrow-mindedness.   By forcing people to think in constrained ways about language, teachers are hindering both creativity and individuality for the sake of convention (Bourne 243). Such adherence to uniformity often puts the learner in an uncomfortable and confusing situation, as when the home background and the educational environment clash in terms of language.   Katharine Perera describes the difficulties encountered by children being taught Standard English while living in homes and neighborhoods where the vernacular is the mode of expression. For them, a change in their manner of speech represents an invalidation of their customary way of life and may create barriers between them and their peers.   The experience of speaking one way with friends or family who share their idiom, only to then be told by teachers that this language is wrong, forces most children to reluctantly choose one identity at the expense of the other (cited in Brindley 212). Concern over this loss of identity has fueled heated disputes in â€Å"mother-tongue† contexts, where English is taught as a first language and some form of it is used by much of the population as a native language (Brindley 206).   Davis and Watson report that in Australia, post-war migration increased the nation’s multiculturalism while weakening the influence of a common British legacy.   Responding to the resultant search for a national identity, the Australian curriculum acknowledges the relationship between this identity and language yet also recognizes the diversity that exists within â€Å"Australian Standard English† (cited in Brindley 206). The Australian Education Council’s statement on the English curriculum sets Australian English apart from American or British English chiefly by differences in vocabulary and pronunciation, and describes this national variety of English as a combination of the Standard Australian English used in schools and several vernacular forms, any one of which a student may use at home.  Ã‚   The curriculum statement also advises that Standard Australian English should be taught as an extension of local idioms and not as a replacement for them. Although the report further stresses importance of Australian Standard English because of its role in educational structures, professional fields, and spoken communication, it also recognizes the value of vernacular forms and the cultural backgrounds they represent.   Its national plan for teaching English also notes that language changes in respect to context and purposes, and it urges that students be made aware of this fact so they can apply their language skills accordingly.   The Council also officially confers equal status to standard and local forms of English, viewing neither one as inherently superior to the other (cited in Brindley 207) Sue Brindley relates that the issue of the relative worth of different language forms is intensely debated in Britain, where the world’s richest history of English has led to much linguistic diversity. You read "Learning English: A Lesson in Language and Culture" in category "Essay examples"   Standard English is an integral part of the official school curriculum, yet there is no consensus about exactly what constitutes standardized English and how it is connected to a student’s home variety (Brindley 208).   A Department for Education and Welsh Office statement cites strict observance to rules of vocabulary, grammar, spelling, and pronunciation as the distinguishing features of Standard English to be taught in England and Wales, yet this description is too vague to give a precise definition. Although the British policy encourages the use of standardized language for both written and spoken applications, it also recognizes that spoken English is more spontaneous and therefore less apt to conform to the same rigorous criteria used in more carefully planned written applications (cited in Brindley 210).   By associating Standard English with qualities like precision and clear diction, the British curriculum contradicts the viewpoint of many linguists and educators, as well as the sentiments expressed in the Australian English statement, by implying that school-sanctioned standardized forms are linguistically superior to other varieties (Brindley 211).   The obvious counterpart to this attitude is a belief that vernacular forms of English are inferior. Brindley speaks of educators who are concerned that such a prejudicial position will necessarily lead to a gradual erosion of the traditional cultural values that underlie the home life of those whose first language is the vernacular. Some teachers have taken it upon themselves to teach Standard English in a way that does not discriminate against home-based language varieties and, by extension, their associated ways of life. In this manner, they hope to allow students to derive the benefits inherent in a multicultural approach: a greater fund of knowledge about languages, a richer social experience, and a keener appreciation of different manners of thinking (212-213). In countries where the native language is not English, there is every bit as much controversy regarding the cultural aftereffects of learning English.   For people living in geographical areas marked by poverty and need, an education in English may be seen as a way to rise to the echelons of power and privilege.   Yet for those already enjoying that power and privilege, the promotion of English for the masses may be seen as either a welcome conversion or a dangerous threat.   Anthea Fraser Gupta’s account of the spread of English in colonial India traces the complicated history of the English empire’s influence over native Indians.   When Great Britain officially endorsed the teaching of English to Indians, the intent was to introduce not only the language of the United Kingdom but also its cultural and religious values. British officials were in effect attempting to create darker-skinned versions of themselves, seeing the inculcation of western ideals as a means of eradicating a way of life that they considered idolatrous, immoral, and unrefined ( 190-191).   At the same time, Indians in positions of power worried that giving the lower classes a glimpse of what was possible through an English education worked against their interests.   S.N. Mukherjee (cited in Gupta 192) reports that the Calcutta upper classes feared that those below their social rank would become dissatisfied with their inferior status. More than a hundred years after the events chronicled in Gupta’s account, teachers of English still encounter resistance from pupils who either feel that language is being forced upon them or resent social exclusion from English-speaking society (Bourne 243-244)..   Despite this, Jill Bourne informs us that the current trend in non-English speaking countries is to incorporate English language lessons into the primary school system.   Even in Malaysia, where this is not endorsed, private schools offer English instruction to students whose wealthy parents are willing to pay for what they perceive as an important step on the road to social success (244). Several countries, including Germany, the former Czech Republic, Hungary, Malay, and Hong Kong, have implemented some form of what America calls Language and Content Teaching, which blends language instruction with course content.   The focus is shifted from the English language to the curriculum material, which is presented through the medium of English.   However, in most parts of the world where English is taught, the emphasis remains on English as a subject itself (Bourne 244).   This suggests that for most nations, what is truly being sought is not an adoption of English values but the attainment of proficiency in a language that offers access to more profitable pursuits. It is easy to understand why countries such as Hong Kong, whose economy is deeply invested in international commerce, would feel pressured to acquire English fluency.   English is a major language of trade, and an inability to speak it proficiently is a definite disadvantage in the business arena.   This becomes clearer when we consider it on a smaller, more personal scale.   Anyone who has spent time among people who shared a common, foreign language knows the frustration and stigmatization that can result from an inability to communicate easily and appropriately with others. There is a natural human desire to feel connected to others in some way, and language provides an excellent means of achieving that sense of belonging.   When essential life factors such as economic, social, and professional standing are at stake, language becomes even more crucial. This relationship between modes of communication and key life issues is precisely why the concept of a neutral language is a hypothetical one.   The teaching of any language involves the transmission of much more than rules about grammar and pronunciation.   It inevitably requires some measure of cultural change on the part of the learner, and in the case of English instruction those changes can have profound effects upon many major aspects of life.   For this reason, educators and students alike must respect the various forms of language as reflections of valuable cultural and social traditions. Works Cited Bourne, Jill. â€Å"English for Speakers of Other Languages.† Learning English: Development and Diversity. Eds. Neil Mercer and Joan Swann. UK: The Open University, 2002, 243-270. Brindley, Sue, with contributions from Swann, Joan. â€Å"Issues in English Teaching.† Learning English: Development and Diversity. Eds. Neil Mercer and Joan Swann. UK: The Open University, 2002, 205-228. Gupta, Anthea Fraser. â€Å"English and Empire: Teaching English in Nineteenth Century India.† Learning English:   Development and Diversity. Eds. Neil Mercer and Joan Swann. UK: The Open University, 2002, 188-194. â€Å"vernacular.† Compact Oxford English Dictionary. 2005. http://www.askoxford.com/concise_oed/vernacular?view=uk (3 Dec. 2005). How to cite Learning English: A Lesson in Language and Culture, Essay examples

Should Animals be Used in Research

All over the world, animal activists and institutions have argued whether or not research should be used on animals or should be outlawed. Philosophers believe that experiments on animals are not morally justified because they cause pain or harm the animals. A group of these philosophers believe that other alternatives are available, thus they claim that because we have other alternatives, the use of animals in research should be outlawed.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Should Animals be Used in Research specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The reasons why animals should not be used in research In my opinion, I support the line of argument that animals should not be used in research. Since the discovery of knowing through science (research), the use of animals in research has elicited mixed reactions among different scholars. Philosophers are against the idea citing the availability of other options for toxicologica l tests on animals and the harsh treatments the scientists have accorded these animals in the medical tests. Unless scientists discover other ways of testing medicines, I think tests on animals are unethical. Scientists use these creatures to validate a theory and then revise or change their theories depending on the new facts or information gained from every test performed. Animal rights lobby groups believe that animals are used for no reasons in these experiments as the animals endure pain inflicted on them during these tests (Singer 2). They tend to overlook the fact that animals have moral existence, social and religious values. Thousands of animals on this planet contribute largely to the aesthetic appeal of the land. On the other hand, scientists only see the positive contributions of animal tests to the medical field and ignore the side effects of the tests on the animals’ lives. They overlook the idea that animals are hurt and thus suffer tremendously. To them the im pact of the research on the lives of their families and friends by coming up with vaccines and drugs is the inspiration. Research on animals should be banned because it inflicts pain, harms the culprits and morally it is unjustified. Has man ever wondered whether or not animals feel similar pain that humans feel? (Singer 2). Human beings know very well that they themselves feel pain. For example, you will know that a metal rod is hot by touching it with bare hands. It is believed that pain is mental; in other words it cannot be seen. We feel pain and we realize that other creatures also feel pain from observations like jerking away from an event or even yelling. Since the reactions are the same as those of man, philosophers say that animals feel similar pain just like humans. Animal activists reaffirm that the major undoing of tests involving animals is the manner in which the animals are treated arguing that anesthesia for suppressing the pain is never used.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion However, as many people are opposed to the use of animals in research, many lives have been saved every year due to their death. I think that instead of refuting that taking away the life of a rat is unethical, harms the animal; I believe it is a bold step in improving the welfare of millions of people for thousands of years to come. Tests on animals are the most common toxicological tests used by scientists; the findings help to better lives for hundreds of people across the universe (Fox 12). Works Cited Fox, Michael A. The Case for Animal Experimentation. California: University of California Press, 1986. Singer, Peter. Animal Liberation. New York: Random House, 1975. This essay on Should Animals be Used in Research was written and submitted by user PuppetMaster to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.